Abstract:由《探矿工程》杂志编辑部发起、业界广泛推荐，经业内专家学者投票推举产生了2016年探矿工程十大新闻，现介绍如下。

Abstract:In recent years, the number of geological drilling hole accidents has declined. However, due to the changes in technical and economic conditions, the geological drilling applications and scope have expanded with the increasing of drilling depth and the complicated downhole situation. Once downhole accident occurs, the construction becomes even harder.〖JP〗 It is necessary to sort out the complex cases and the types of accident in drilling hole as soon as possible and establish the technical rules for the downhole accidents prevention and treatment to promote the development and standardization management of the downhole accident prevention and treatment. There are many kinds of complicated case in the geological drilling hole, such as drilling leakage/water gushing, borehole bending, borehole temperature anomaly, borehole diameter reduction/expansion, hole collapse/blockage, hole sedimentation, foreign matter in hole and other abnormal situations in hole. The types of accidents in geological drilling holes mainly include drilling tool accidents, stuck drilling pipe accidents, burial drilling accidents, bit burnt accidents, casing accidents, logging accidents, coring accidents and other accidents. There are great technological differences between geological drilling and oil and gas drilling, the complex cases in holes and accident types are also different, for geological drilling, the types of accident in oil and gas drilling can not be applied mechanically, but the advanced technology and management ideas of downhole accidents prevention and treatment in oil and gas drilling industry should be learned.

Abstract:Freservoir in Y Oilfield is characterized with high temperature, high pressure and high yield with corrosive fluids. In order to ensure a long term, efficient and safe production, it is necessary to study the well completion technology and anticorrosion for string protection. The completion string with packer is run downhole, and the annulus between tubing and casing above packer is then filled with anticorrosion packer fluid. Two introduced annulus packer fluid systems are tested at lab to evaluate the physical and chemical properties of , high temperature stability, and the corrosion of pipe downhole. Test results show that CaCl2 annulus packer fluid has poor high temperature stability, the high values of immersion corrosion rate values and galvanic corrosion rate values are 0.062 mm/a and 0.078 mm/a respectively, larger than the set corrosion rate of 0.05 mm/a. While the introduced NaCl KCl annulus packer fluid has better high temperature stability with high values of immersion corrosion rate values and galvanic corrosion rate values 0.014 mm/a and 0.037 mm/a respectively, lower than the set corrosion rate of 0.05 mm/a. In view of this situation, the improvement and optimizing design are made on this introduced CaCl2 annulus packer fluid to determine the proper system. The optimizing designed CaCl2 annulus packer fluid shows good high temperature stability, the immersion corrosion and galvanic corrosion rate values are below the set corrosion rate, and the overall performance have reached the field application requirements.

Abstract:The formations are extremely complicated in WFSD-4S of Wenchuan earthquake fault scientific drilling project, drilling was difficult with frequent wellbore shrinkage, collapse and block falling accidents, which brought great difficulties for the drilling construction. The sticking accident occurred at 517m depth is elaborated in detail, and the accident causes and conditions are analyzed. By means of forceful pulling, drill pipe reverse rotating, fishing by releasing spear, casing milling and some other ways, the sticking accident is smoothly processed. The treatment experience can be reference to the similar accidents.

Abstract:Based on the comprehensive experiment of a single well stratified vacuum pumping, using a new stratified pumping test device, the test method was improved to make the stratified pumping work time saving and efficient, safe and reliable, economical and practical. Comparing the process monitoring data with conventional monitoring data, the influence of formation and vacuum negative pressure effect to the pumping is studied, by the detailed analysis on its mechanism, the variation characteristics of seepage field around the vacuum stratified pumping well pipe are obtained. The comparison experiment proves that this stratified vacuum pumping process has obvious advantages in improving the water yield of single well and well washing effect.

Abstract:Sanjiang basin, with the Mesozoic marine and land sea interaction deposition and after the transformation of multiple tectonic movements, its covering layer is thick soft-plastic formation. According to the stratigraphic characteristics of Sanjiang basin and drilling difficulties in drilling construction, the study was made on drilling methods, borehole design, flush fluid and process measures, the technical measures suitable for highly straight drilling were carried out without casing in thick overburden strata of soft plastic formation in Sanjiang basin, and the drilling difficulties were solved in the practice with good economic effect.

Abstract:Niutoushan deep drilling CUSD3 belongs to the longcan engineering of china national nuclear corporation, which is second deep drilling of xiangshan fundamental geological research project. Drilling strata includes porphyroclastic lava, rhyolitic dacite, schist, slate and phyllite. The Strata is broken, fracture developed, and severe sloughing, resulting in poor stability of hole wall. According to the problems in drilling construction, select the Polymeric solid free drilling fluid, which has the characteristics of good wall protection, good fluidity, and high efficiency of reducing obstacle. The application in Niutoushan deep drilling CUSD3 achieved good effect, and effectively ensure the scientific drilling successfully completed.

Abstract:Torque and drag are major problems in extended reach well drilling, which restrict the effective well trajectory extension, especially in the application of conventional drilling and completion technologies. In Jidong oilfield, based on the conventional drilling and completion technologies, by the detailed study and optimization of well trajectory design, BHA optimization, accurate prediction and control of the torque and drag and the comprehensive evaluation of extension limit in recent years, the stimulation analysis and verification are made on the wellbore mechanical behavior of middle-deep extended well in Nanpu beach area, the feasibility knowledge of extended well drilling practice is enhanced to guide the design of drilling and completion program. Dozens of extended wells with horizontal displacement more than 3000m have been constructed in Nanpu beach, the maximum horizontal displacement reaches 4940m, which provides technical support for the extended reach well drilling of Nanpu beach under the conventional economic and technological conditions.

Abstract:In Chengmenshan mining area of Jiangxi Province, the most boreholes designed for the supplementary mining exploration project were ultra inclined with high requirement of drilling curvature, which made drilling construction difficult. There were difficulties of drilling straightening for many boreholes. Combining the instance of directional correction in deep hole ZKJ4-10, this paper introduces the working principles of screw directional correction of inclination, supporting equipments, operation methods and the points for attention. Based on the correction effects, the advantages and disadvantages of this technology are summed up, which provide reference to straightening construction in future deep geological holes drilling.

Abstract:In line with the original cost reducing and benefit increasing principles for offshore oil field facilities, wellhead platform was newly built near the existed production platform in Bohai Q oil field and the overall density increasing was carried out in the original dense well network, the operation difficulty increased rapidly. By means of the old borehole data processing, new well trajectory design optimization, anti-collision trajectory design and anti-collision monitoring, hole trajectory precision guidance technology for dense cross well network is developed. By the successful application of this technology, the work efficiency is improved, which effectively ensures the smooth implementation of well trajectory density increasing in dense cross well network of old oil field and reduces the collision risk.

Abstract:The target section of Yong 553 block in Yong’an oilfield is Sha-4, low permeability reservoir mainly containing glutenite and conglomerate. There are problems such as low drilling efficiency, low exploitation degree and poor economic benefit in early construction. To realize overall high quality and efficient development in Yong 553 block of Yong’an oilfield, IMP was carried out. The overall development program was designed for low permeability 553 block according to the development status and difficulties. By optimizing drilling design, the drilling efficiency was obviously improved with higher quality of wellbore and longer service life of oil well. The successful practice of IPM in Yong 553 low permeability block shows that IPM drilling model is an effective way to improve the quality of oil well, save drilling cost and increase economic efficiency.

Abstract:The formation pressure system of Bohai 25 oilfield is complex. In the first stage of development, the conventional casing program in Bohai was adopted, but the frequent complex situation and long construction period led to high cost with poor overall economic benefit. Through the study on slim hole technology in Thailand bay, combined with the actual situation in Bohai, a set of optimized casing program 355.6mm hole×273.1mm casing 241.3mm hole×177.8mm casing 152.4mm hole×114.3mm liner and the support improved ROP technology was developed. Through the application tests in 2 wells, good results have been achieved with the average well depth 3607.5m and average drilling period 19.32 days, drilling cycle saved 5.37 days and drilling efficiency increased by 24% in these 2 wells than the basic design. The costs of equipments and materials used in slim hole drilling go down accordingly and better yield and significant economic benefits are received in operation with broad application prospects.

Abstract:Because of the large diameter of mine feeding well, grading reaming is adopted. The wear resistant pipe of feeding well has high stiffness and heavy weight, which has high requirements on borehole verticality, lifting equipments and appliances, serious safety or quality accidents often occur in the construction. Based on a series of engineering practices, with the case of a feeding well in Inner Mongolia, this paper summarizes the drilling completion construction technology of feeding well and the key points of control.

Abstract:In order to achieve rapid drilling tools lifting, lowering and replacing, SPT-600D trailer drilling rig is developed, which is configured with SPS-600 dual winch drilling rig and ring like track shutter mechanism. The experiment and application show that by dual winch and ring like track shutter mechanism, drillingtools replacement can be quickly improved with short drilling construction period to realize high quality, high efficiency and fast hydrology and water well construction.

Abstract:In order to improve the huge volume and avoid expensive cost of the existing large diameter deep hole drilling machine, a new type of large-diameter spindle rig is practically developed, which has compact structure with advantages of effective drilling, flexible operation and moderate price and is more adaptable to Chinese market. This paper focuses on the unique design of transfer case and hoisting device; on the basis of spindle type rig, the innovation was carried out on the design of transmission route and structure components to give the rig ability to adapt to low speed and heavy loading in large diameter deep hole drilling.

Abstract:Taking a deep foundation pit supporting engineering in complex environment as an object, combined with engineering geological conditions and exploration test, comprehensive support schemes of “grouting micro steel pipe pile grouting micro root pile hanging net shotcrete anchor bar pre-stressed anchor cable” and “reinforced concrete row pile jet grouting pile hanging net shotcrete” are put forward, and the selection of design parameters and the construction technology are also described. The practice shows that the support scheme has good applicability and safety, which can provide reference for the design and construction of similar foundation pit engineering.

Abstract:According to the characteristics of fire area treatment in the Changyuan coal mine of Zhenghui coal industry business, the test requirements of coal mining by rotary drilling rig are put forward in steep coal seam. But in the inclined state, auger mining is of non-normal working condition, the comprehensive assessment on rig shaking amount, shaking amount of the whole working machine, fluctuations of each drilling parameter, wear of power head drive key, deformation degree of drill mast and the efficiency of coal mining. Based on the test results of drilling tool of 4 different diameters, the optimal choice of conventional drilling tool diameter is obtained and the discussion is proposed on the feasibility of “mini-invasive” treatment by using rotary drilling rig full guard barrel operation in the coal belt of fire area.

Abstract:As the largest hard rock type of recoverable uranium deposits base in China, Zoige uranium ore is the key ready exploration area for “358”goal in national geological prospecting. But it is in high altitude area with fragile ecological environment, strata structure development, short construction season, frequent layer changes, strong deviating force, fissures development and brittle and broken rocks, which cause a series of problems of serious bit wear or eccentric wear, low drilling efficiency and short bit service life. According to the characteristics of the formation and based on the preliminary test and the analysis on rock property, diamond bits of different structures are developed and are tested in 5 drilling holes. The tests show that the improved diamond bits have significant increase in drilling efficiency and average bit service life. Compared with the drilling data of 2014, the average drilling efficiency and bit service life are increased by 33.7% and 132% in 2015 respectively; the expected target of experiment is reached.

Abstract:A high efficiency NBS impregnated bit was introduced in this paper. NBS material was added in the bit matrix, which has a sharp crystal and good bond strength with the matrix. The micro-drilling experiments and the field drilling tests show that this NBS diamond bit can greatly improve ROP in medium-weakly weathered hard rocks drilling and the bit service life is also prolonged compared with ordinary diamond bits.

Abstract:The virtual simulation technology is called virtual reality or simulation technology, imitating real system with a virtual system, its application in scientific research, teaching and training for drilling industry is an innovative attempt. The drilling virtual simulation experimental teaching platform includes the teaching accumulation of drilling profession, computer virtual simulation technology and other disciplines, which solves many difficulties in production practice of college students majoring in drilling and excavation engineering. The virtual drilling simulation platform has provided virtual simulation teaching for several related professions, and is well received by students with good teaching effect. This platform can also be used in the operation training for drilling technicians and operators as well as for scientific research and technical services.