Abstract:In recent years, horizontal directional drilling rig and oriented drilling technology play dominant role in pipeline construction with the rapid development of trenchless drilling machine. The paper emphatically introduced current horizontal directional drilling rig both in China and abroad about the transmission and driving mode of the power unit, feeding mode of feeding mechanism, clamping and loosing device, the chassis and the mechanism of drill stem mounting & dismounting device with the analysis on their advantages and disadvantages.