基于层次分析和信息量法的地裂缝危险性评价

Risk Assessment of Ground Fissures Based on AHP and Information Method

摘要:

华北平原是遭受地裂缝较严重的地区，尤其是对于重大的线性工程，地裂缝的影响更为敏感。对于山前平原地带，地裂缝的形成是多要素成因的综合结果。利用ArcGIS平台,选择活动构造、地貌岩性和地下水位、第四系厚度、地裂缝现状分布五大类影响因子，采用层次分析-信息量模型对京石高铁和南水北调京石段进行了地裂缝危险性评价，结果表明这种方法能够较为合理的评价地裂缝危险性，并且对类似区域的危险性评价具有借鉴意义。

关键词:地裂缝;危险性评价;层次分析;信息量法;ArcGIS

Abstract:

The North China Plain is an area suffering from serious ground fissures, to which major linear projects are most sensitive. Multiple factors contribute to the formation of ground fissures in piedmont plains. Based on the ArcGIS platform, five main influence factors——active tectonic, geomorphic lithology, underground water level, thickness of the quaternary, and present situation of ground fissure distribution, are selected to conduct the ground fissure risk assessment for Jing-Shi High-speed Rail and the Jing-Shi section along the South-to-North Water Transfer Line with the AHP-information model. The results show that this method can provide proper fissure risk assessment, and be applicable in similar cases.

Key words:ground fissure; risk assessment; AHP; information method; ArcGIS