基于试验的模拟月壤表层取样理论修正及其应用

Correction and Application of Lunar Soil Simulation Surface Sampling Based on Experiments

摘要:

月球探测对于我国各方面综合实力的提升均具有巨大的推动作用。当前我国各研发机构对月球采样的研发重点集中于采样机具的设计制造上，对采样机具和月壤之间相互作用却研究较少。与地球土壤相比，月壤的形成环境与条件完全不同，从而造就了其较为特殊的物理力学性质。在利用与真实月壤类似的模拟月壤进行的薄壁圆筒贯入试验中，发现存在月壤滞留和月壤附壁现象，从而分析得出在采样机具表面与月壤相互作用的理论分析中，除了传统的摩擦力理论外，还可通过最大抗剪强度进行分析。通过对试验现象和数据对比摩擦力理论和最大抗剪强度理论发现，最大抗剪强度理论更加符合实际情况。故将最大抗剪强度理论引入已有的月球螺旋钻进采样的理论模型中，通过计算得出基于最大抗剪强度理论计算的螺旋临界转速低于基于摩擦力理论计算的临界转速，在一定程度上能够降低采样机具的能耗。

关键词:月球采样;模拟月壤;理论分析;摩擦力;最大抗剪强度

Abstract:

Lunar exploration plays a huge role in enhancing China’s comprehensive strength in all aspects. At present, the researches on lunar sampling are focused on designing and manufacturing the sampling devices instead of the interaction between sampling device and lunar soil. Compared with the Earth’s soil, the different conditions and environment during the formation process make the lunar soil become more special in mechanical properties. During the thin-walled cylinder penetration experiments with lunar soil simulation two phenomena (including lunar soil retention and lunar soil adhesion) were observed, and it was indicated that besides the traditional theory of friction, the theory of maximum shear strength also could be used in analyzing the interaction between sampling devices and lunar soil. Through analyzing of experimental phenomena and data, maximum shear strength theory is closer to actual practice than friction theory. As a result, the maximum shear strength theory is introduced to an existing lunar spiral drilling theoretical model, according to the calculation results, the spiral critical speed based on maximum shear strength is lower than that based on friction, which means lower energy consumption for lunar sampling devices.

Key words:Lunar sampling; Lunar soil simulation; theoretical analysis; friction; maximum shear strength