特深科学钻探大口径绳索取心技术的可行性——来自松科2井的试验验证

Feasibility of large-diameter wireline coring technology for ultra-deep scientific drilling： Experimental verification from the CCSD-SK-2 East Borehole

摘要:

为提高特深科学钻探取心效率，针对松科2井深井大口径取心需求开展了系统的器具配套与钻具创新研究。通过改进API钻杆实现内通径≥112 mm，可同时满足提钻与绳索取心作业需求；研发了基于钢丝绳引导式排绳机构的6500 m绳索取心绞车；创新设计了以中空井底动力为核心的多种组合取心钻具。在?311.2、?215.9、?152.4 mm井眼的试验表明：深井大口径绳索取心技术整体可行，优化钻杆与自动排绳机构应用效果良好；?215.9 mm及以上井眼宜采用中空井底动力钻具，而传统“三合一”钻具则存在动力不足的问题；?152.4 mm井眼中常规绳索取心钻进效果良好，但弹卡、坐挂等部件易因岩屑堆积失效。研究验证了深井大口径绳索取心的技术可行性，为超万米科学钻探提供了技术储备，并提出了针对特深井环境的钻具与流体优化建议。

Abstract:

To improve coring efficiency in ultra-deep scientific drilling and address the large-diameter coring requirements of the CCSD-SK-2 East Borehole， systematic research on equipment configuration and tool innovation was carried out. The API drill pipe was modified to achieve an inner drift diameter of ≥112 mm， accommodating both conventional trip coring and wireline coring operations. A 6500 m wireline coring winch featuring a rope-guided spooling mechanism was developed， and various combined coring tools centered on a hollow downhole power tool were innovatively designed. Tests in the ?311.2 mm， ?215.9 mm， and ?152.4 mm boreholes demonstrated the overall feasibility of large-diameter wireline coring technology in deep wells， with the optimized drill pipe and automatic rope spooling mechanism performing well. For boreholes of ?215.9 mm and above， hollow downhole power tools are preferable， whereas conventional "three-in-one" tools suffer from insufficient power. Conventional wireline coring achieved good results in the ?152.4 mm borehole； however， components such as the locking latch and landing device are prone to failure due to cuttings accumulation. This study verifies the technical feasibility of large-diameter wireline coring in deep wells， provides technical reserves for ultra-deep scientific drilling exceeding 10000 m， and proposes targeted optimization suggestions for drilling tools and fluids in ultra-deep well environments.