XY-8型立轴钻机电传动数字化升级改造研究

Research on digital electric drive upgrading of XY-8 spindle drill rig

摘要:

针对传统立轴式岩心钻机存在的劳动强度大、安全风险高、频繁倒杆易致孔壁失稳及钻进参数无法实时获取等问题，本文以XY-8型钻机为对象，提出了一种低成本、高性能的数字化升级改造方案。该方案遵循“主体保留、功能增强、数字改造”原则，采用交流变频电机实现回转与提升系统的无级调速，重构了液压盘式制动系统；构建了包含小电机自动送钻、伺服泵控送钻及无动力盘刹送钻的多模式协同送钻体系，有效解决了传统油缸给进行程受限的问题；开发了基于PLC的机电液一体化控制平台，实现了各执行机构的逻辑互锁与参数闭环控制。样机测试表明：改造后钻机速度控制误差不超过±1.5%，钻压控制误差不超过±5%，制动响应时间缩短至0.3 s，单位进尺与待机能耗分别降低约29%和75%，改造成本较新购同性能设备降低约25%。本研究为海量存量立轴钻机的数字化转型提供了可复制的工程路径，为深部找矿与地质装备数字化提供技术支撑。

Abstract:

To address the problems of traditional spindle core drilling rigs， such as high labor intensity， high safety risks， borehole instability caused by frequent rod pulling， and the inability to acquire drilling parameters in real time， this paper proposes a low-cost， high-performance digital upgrading and retrofitting scheme taking the XY-8 drilling rig as the research object. Following the principle of "main structure retention， function enhancement， and digital transformation"， the scheme adopts AC variable frequency motors to achieve stepless speed regulation for the rotary and hoisting systems， and reconstructs the braking system to a hydraulic disc brake system. A multi-mode cooperative feeding system is constructed， comprising small-motor automatic feeding， servo pump-controlled feeding， and non-powered disc brake feeding， which effectively solves the problem of limited stroke in conventional hydraulic cylinder feeding. Furthermore， a PLC-based electromechanical-hydraulic integrated control platform is developed to realize logical interlocking and closed-loop parameter control for all actuators. Prototype tests indicate that the speed control error of the retrofitted rig does not exceed ±1.5%， the weight on bit （WOB） control error is within ±5%， and the braking response time is shortened to 0.3 s. The energy consumption per unit footage and standby energy consumption are reduced by approximately 29% and 75%， respectively， while the retrofitting cost is about 25% lower than that of purchasing new equipment with equivalent performance. This study provides a replicable engineering path for the digital transformation of the massive stock of existing spindle drilling rigs， offering solid technical support for deep mineral exploration and the digitalization of geological equipment.