浅层多相原位取样器研制与野外试验

Development and field testing of a shallow multiphase in-situ sampler

摘要:

针对现有浅层取样技术存在的取样深度有限、样品采取率不足、作业成本高、设备笨重导致作业区域受限及无法同步采集原状土与流体样品等问题，以“低扰动、高效率、多相同步”为设计目标，研制了浅层多相原位取样器。该取样器采用“双管钻进取土样+真空抽吸取流体样”的组合工艺，通过对取样钻头、土样内管、流体取样器及密封气囊等关键部件进行结构优化与功能集成，实现了浅层原状土样与原位水（气）样的同步高效采集。同时分析了护壁钻杆起拔阻力，并研制了相应的轻量化护壁钻杆起拔器。野外试验结果表明，该取样器在5 m深度范围内土样平均采取率达75%，成功实现了原位水（气）样的同步采集，样品无混样、无泄漏。该取样器具有结构轻便、操作简单、成本较低等优点，适用于狭小空间及重型设备无法进入区域的浅层取样作业，为浅层多相介质原位同步采样提供了可靠的技术手段。

Abstract:

To address the limitations of existing shallow sampling techniques， such as limited sampling depth， low sample recovery rate， high operational costs， restricted accessibility due to heavy equipment， and the inability to simultaneously collect undisturbed soil and fluid samples， a shallow multiphase in-situ sampler was developed with the design objectives of "low disturbance， high efficiency， and multiphase synchronization." This sampler employs a combined process of "dual-tube drilling for soil sampling and vacuum suction for fluid sampling." Through structural optimization and functional integration of key components， including the sampling bit， soil inner tube， fluid sampler， and sealing airbag， the device achieves synchronous and efficient collection of shallow undisturbed soil samples and in-situ water （gas） samples. Additionally， the extraction resistance of the casing was analyzed， and a corresponding lightweight casing lifting tool was developed. Field test results indicate that the sampler achieved an average soil sample recovery rate of 75% within a depth of 5 m， successfully performed simultaneous collection of in-situ water （gas） samples， and ensured no sample cross-contamination or leakage. Featuring a lightweight structure， simple operation， and low cost， the sampler is suitable for shallow sampling operations in confined spaces or areas inaccessible to heavy equipment， providing a reliable technical means for collaborative sampling of shallow multiphase media.