小颗粒金刚石切削具破碎岩石阻力分析研究

Analytical research on rock fragmentation resistance while drilling with small-sized diamond cutters

摘要:

钻进过程实际上是岩石破碎过程，是钻头破碎岩石的过程，也是岩石阻碍破碎的过程，二者都很重要。过去研究钻头破碎岩石较多，研究岩石阻碍破碎较少。孕镶钻头可以在612级可钻性岩石钻进中使用，适用范围比较广。孕镶金刚石钻头多用小颗粒金刚石作为切削具。俄罗斯钻探工作者研究了小颗粒金刚石切削具钻进时的岩石阻碍破碎问题，提出了可以用破碎阻力系数来研究和分析岩石阻碍破碎的情况。通过这个系数可以了解钻探技术指标与规程参数的关系、如何提高钻进效率、岩石破碎处于表面破碎状态还是体积破碎状态，以及确定如何提高钻探技术经济指标等。中国在这方面研究较少，尚未见到相关报道。此项研究具有参考和借鉴价值，建议对其进行讨论、研究，以确认其在提高岩石破碎效果和钻探工程技术经济指标方面的重要性。

Abstract:

Drilling is a process of rock fragmentation practically. In the rock fragmentation process， on the one hand， the bit fragments the rock， on the other hand， the rock resists the fragmentation. Both aspects should be considered. In the past， the research on how drill bits fragment rocks has been extensive， but research on how rock resists fragmentation is insufficient. Impregnated diamond bits can be used to drill rocks with drillability grades 6 to 12. Their application scope is wide. Impregnated bits usually contain small-sized diamond cutters. Russian drillers have studied rock fragmentation resistance during drilling with small-sized diamond cutters and proposed using the resistance coefficient to analyze how rocks resist fragmentation. Understanding this coefficient can help address issues such as the dependence of technical indexes on drilling parameters， how to improve drilling results， what kind of state the rock fragmentation is in and to determine how to increase technical and economic indexes of drilling and so on. In China， the research on the resistance coefficient is insufficient and there are no relevant research reports. Therefore the research has certain reference value and practical significance. It is suggested that this research topic be explored to confirm its importance in improving the results of rock fragmentation and increasing the technical and economical indexes of drilling engineering in China.