井壁取心技术研究现状及发展建议

Research status and development suggestions of sidewall coring technology

摘要:

井壁取心技术是油气储层评价与资源勘探中取心钻探的一种有效技术补救手段，其发展历经近百年，从早期冲击式取心逐步演进为高效、精准的旋转式井壁取心技术。本文系统梳理了该技术的演进脉络，重点聚焦旋转式井壁取心技术国内外研究进展与关键技术突破。通过对比分析国际油服公司与国内企业的技术参数及应用案例，发现国外在岩心尺寸控制、耐温耐压性能、流体密闭采样及岩心数字化处理等方面具有领先优势；国内虽在机械结构优化、电动直驱技术、耐温性能等方面取得显著进步，但在取心工具可靠性、复杂地层适应性及智能化水平上仍存在差距。基于当前技术瓶颈，并结合深地、深海勘探需求，本文提出井壁取心技术的未来研发方向。研究成果旨在推动我国井壁取心技术向高效化、智能化、数字化升级，为超深井及非常规油气勘探提供关键技术支撑。

Abstract:

The sidewall coring technology is a remedial technical method for oil and gas reservoir evaluation and resource exploration. Its development has spanned nearly a century， gradually evolving from the early impact coring to the high-efficiency and precise rotary sidewall coring technology. This paper systematically reviews the evolution of the sidewall coring technology， focusing on the research progress and key technological breakthroughs of the rotary technology at home and abroad. By comparing and analyzing the technical parameters and application cases of international oilfield service giants and domestic enterprises， it reveals that foreign countries have a leading edge in aspects such as core size， temperature and pressure resistance， fluid-sealing sampling， and core digital processing. Although domestic enterprises have made remarkable progress in mechanical structure optimization， electric direct-drive technology， and temperature-resistant performance， there are still gaps in instrument reliability， adaptability to complex formations， and intelligence level. Based on the current technical bottlenecks and combining with the exploration needs of deep-earth and deep-sea areas， this paper proposes the future research and development directions of sidewall coring. The research results aim to promote the upgrading of Chinese sidewall coring technology towards high-efficiency， intelligence， and digitization， providing key technical support for ultra-deep well and unconventional oil and gas exploration.