SiC与碳纤维强化2A12铝合金钻杆材料的拉伸性能研究

Study on tensile properties of 2A12 aluminum alloy drill pipe reinforced with SiC and carbon fiber

摘要:

我国浅层和中浅层油气资源总量随着不断开采而逐渐减少，加大深层和超深层油气资源的勘探与开发对于保障国家能源安全具有重要意义。在深层超深层的高温地层进行钻井作业已经成为无法回避的工程难题，研发轻质高强且耐高温的钻杆材料迫在眉睫。本文采用真空热压烧结、热挤压和热处理工艺制备了SiC颗粒以及SiC颗粒和短碳纤维共混2A12铝合金钻杆材料，并对不同SiC体积分数的复合材料在不同温度的性能进行了研究。结果表明，25 ℃下体积分数为3%的SiC/2A12铝合金复合材料的力学性能最好，抗拉强度较2A12提高10.8%；180 ℃和220 ℃下体积分数为5%的SiC/2A12铝合金/碳纤维复合材料的力学性能最好，抗拉强度较基体分别提高17.9%和19.2%。SiC和碳纤维的混合加入可使2A12铝合金的工作温度提高40 ℃。SiC的强化方式主要是Orowan强化，碳纤维的强化方式主要是载荷传递。

Abstract:

The total reserves of shallow and mid-shallow oil and gas resources in China are dwindling due to continuous exploitation. Enhancing exploration and development of deep and ultra-deep oil and gas resources is crucial for ensuring national energy security. Drilling in deep and ultra-deep high-temperature formations poses inevitable engineering challenges， necessitating the development of lightweight， high-strength， and temperature-resistant drill pipe materials. In this study， SiC particle-reinforced 2A12 aluminum alloy drill pipe materials， with short carbon fibers incorporated， were prepared through vacuum hot-pressing sintering， hot extrusion， and heat treatment processes. The mechanical properties of composites with varying SiC volume fractions were evaluated under different temperatures. Results indicate that the mechanical properties of SiC/2A12 aluminum alloy composites with a 3% SiC volume fraction at 25℃ are the best， and the tensile strength is 10.8% higher than that of 2A12； the mechanical properties of SiC/2A12 aluminum alloy/carbon fiber composites with a 5% volume fraction at 180℃ and 220℃ exhibit superior performance， with corresponding increases in tensile strength of 17.9% and 19.2%， respectively. The incorporation of SiC particles and carbon fibers increases the operational temperature of the 2A12 aluminum alloy by 40℃. The primary strengthening mechanisms are Orowan strengthening for SiC particles and load transfer for carbon fibers.