基于构造解析及孔内成像技术的以钻代槽绿色勘查技术试验应用

Experimentation and Application of Green Exploration by Drilling Instead of Trenching Based on Structural Analysis and Borehole Imaging Technology

摘要:

以钻代槽是利用浅层钻探替代槽探工程，提高绿色勘查程度的一种工作方法。前人主要从钻探设备与取样工艺适用的角度，论证了该方法的有效性，并通过多个钻孔中标志层的识别与对比，获得孔内面状构造的倾向等产状数据。然而，多个钻孔势必会增加对环境的扰动，且在面对复杂的岩层及构造变形区时，存在因无法准确识别和对比标志层，而不能计算出产状的问题。构造解析与孔内成像技术能够提高以钻代槽的绿色勘查效果。在西秦岭辛家咀金矿勘查区，利用构造解析的方法，查明了与成矿作用有关的石英透镜体不同轴长的比例特征，为钻孔部署提供了遵循；在钻孔中实施了孔内成像技术试验，识别了孔壁岩性，测量了地层与石英脉的产状，其数据与临近出露的基岩一致。试验结果表明，基于构造解析与孔内成像技术的以钻代槽勘查新方法，相较于前人更多依赖钻探工程的以钻代槽，以较少的钻探工作量，获得了更为准确和丰富的数据，提高了绿色勘查的水平。另外，采用锂电池驱动的便携式电动钻机以更加轻便、更加安全和更加友好的性能，呈现出更加绿色的特点，具备推广应用的价值。

Abstract:

Drilling instead of trenching is a technical method that utilizes shallow drilling to replace trenching engineering and improve the level of green exploration. Previous researchers have mainly demonstrated the practicability of this method from the perspective of drilling equipment and sampling technology, and obtained the occurrence data such as the tendency of the planar structure in the hole through the identification and comparison of marker layers in multiple boreholes. However, multiple drilling holes will inevitably increase the disturbance to the environment. In the face of complex rock formations and tectonic deformation areas, there is a problem that the production pattern cannot be calculated, because the marker layers can not be accurately identified and compared. Structural analysis and borehole imaging technology can improve the green exploration effect of drilling instead of trenching. In the Xinjiazui gold exploration area of the Western Qinling Mountains, the proportion characteristics of different axial lengths of quartz lenses related to mineralization were identified using structural analysis methods, providing guidance for drilling deployment; In the drilling process, borehole imaging technology was implemented to identify the lithology of the borehole wall and measure the occurrence of the strata and quartz veins. The data were consistent with the adjacent exposed bedrock. The experimental results show that the new method can obtain more accurate and abundant data with less drilling work，improve the level of green exploration compared with the previous method which relies more on drilling engineering. In addition, portable shallow drilling rigs powered by lithium batteries exhibit green characteristics with lighter, safer and more user-friendly performance, and have the value of promotion and application.