离子型稀土开采过程中导流井井周矿体颗粒脱落运移临界流速研究

Study on the critical flow rate of diversion well in the mining process of ionic rare earth

摘要:

离子型稀土是我国独具特色、世界罕见的矿产资源，主导了全球的中重稀土供给，具有配分齐全、高科技应用元素多与综合利用价值大的特点。但离子型稀土开采过程中易出现井壁坍塌，进而造成边坡失稳。本文分析了导流井井周矿体颗粒受力状态，建立了矿体颗粒脱落运移临界流速计算模型，研究了不同影响因素下矿体颗粒脱落运移临界流速。结果表明，矿体颗粒脱落运移的临界流速随颗粒半径、排列角度、摩擦系数的增大而增大。静电力受浸矿液浓度的影响，但其对矿体颗粒脱落运移临界的影响不大。此外，浸矿液粘度增大能够显著降低临界流速。本研究能够为离子型稀土安全高效开发提供理论与技术支撑。

Abstract:

Ionic rare earth ore is a unique mineral resource in China and rare in the world. It dominates the global supply of medium and heavy rare earth， and has the characteristics of complete distribution， many high-tech application elements and great comprehensive utilization value. However， in the process of ionic rare earth mining， the well wall is prone to collapse， resulting in slope instability. This paper analyzed the calculation model of the critical velocity of the migration volume of the ore body particles under different influence factors. The results show that the critical flow rate of the ore particles increases with the particle radius， arrangement angle and friction coefficient. Electrostatic power is affected by the concentration of immersion liquid， but it has little influence on the migration of ore body particles. In addition， the viscosity of the solution can significantly reduce the critical flow rate. This study can provide theoretical and technical support for the safty and efficient development of ionic rare earth.