可控局部热熔钻头的研制与应用试验

Development and application test of controllable local hot melt bit

摘要:

岩心是了解地层和含矿特征最直观、最实际的资料。复杂地层资源勘查采用常规取心钻具的取心率往往满足不了规范或设计要求。泥岩、泥页岩互层等易造浆地层进行矿产资源勘查时，绳索取心钻杆内壁结垢，导致内管投不到底而无法采用；小型化的单动双管取心钻具较短，仅用于矿层取心；采用单管取心钻具卡心方式是岩心+卡簧（或岩粉、卡料）+钻头（或岩心管）三者之间配合的“挤力”卡心，三者之间往往因配合存在极大的不确定性而导致回次岩心采取率的不确定性，岩心采取率无法得到保障。为此，利用孔底温度及粘接剂粘接温度≤2倍粘接剂熔点温度≤2倍钻探用金刚石材料的安全使用温度，研制出一种干、湿钻法下的可控局部热熔钻头，将卡心方式优化为岩心爪封闭钻头内径的“托举”卡心，并与单管岩心管组合进行了取心实验，取心率达75%以上，解决了常规单管岩心管存在卡心不牢、卡心不确定性的技术难题。为类似地层的钻探施工提供了新的思路，可借鉴、推广、普及。

Abstract:

Core is the most intuitive and practical data for understanding geological strata and ore bearing characteristics. The heart rate of conventional coring tools used in complex geological resource exploration often fails to meet the requirements of standards or design. When conducting mineral resource exploration in mudstone， mudstone shale interbedded and other mud prone formations， scaling occurs on the inner wall of the rope drill pipe， causing the inner pipe to not be fully inserted and unable to be used； The miniaturized single action double tube coring drilling tool is relatively short and only used for coring in mineral layers； The use of a single tube coring drilling tool is a "squeezing force" jamming method between the core， retaining spring （or rock powder， retaining material）， and drill bit （or core tube）， which often leads to uncertainty in the recovery rate of the secondary core due to the high degree of uncertainty in the fit between the three， and the core recovery rate cannot be guaranteed. To this end， a controllable local hot melt drill bit for drilling using dry and wet drilling methods was developed by utilizing the temperature at the bottom of the hole and the bonding temperature of the adhesive ≤2 times the melting point temperature of the adhesive ≤2 times the allowable temperature of the dimmonds materialthe. The core clamping method was optimized to use a “lifting” core to seal the inner diameter of the drill bit with a core claw， and core sampling experiments were conducted in combination with a single tube core tube. The core sampling rate reached over 75%， solving the technical problem of weak and uncertain core clamping in conventional single tube core tubes. This provides a new approach for drilling engineering construction in similar geological formations， which can be referenced， promoted， and popularized.