自行走钻具给进系统中支撑机构的仿生增效研究

Study of bionic augmentation based on support mechanism in self-propelled feeding system

摘要:

随着地下浅层资源的逐渐枯竭，人们逐渐向地下更深部位寻求能源。为应对钻井过程中地下岩层的恶劣环境，提出自平衡钻进系统和仿生自行走钻具给进系统，将压力驱动装置移至地下。本文为解决自行走钻具给进系统中支撑机构的增效问题，通过分析蜣螂头部表面非光滑结构对自行走钻具给进系统增阻机构表面进行仿生设计，并对其增阻性能以及对井壁的损伤进行了模拟仿真分析，同时对其摩擦磨损性能进行了实验测试，研究了不同仿生结构的增阻及减小磨损的效果。结果表明：蜣螂头部凸包间距与直径的比值在1.50左右，中间部位凸包的直径与对应蜣螂头部长度的比值在1∶142~1∶133，且在1∶138附近出现的概率较大，两边凸包的直径与对应蜣螂头部长度的比值在1：173~1∶158之间，且在1∶167附近出现的概率较大，中间部位凸包所占比例在45%左右，两侧所占比例基本相同；仿生结构设计的间距与直径比值在1.50附近时，有良好的增阻效果；相同凸包直径条件下，间距越大，对井壁的损伤越大；正三角形排布为仿生单元增阻效果最佳的排布方式，矩形排布会增大对井壁的损伤，同时降低增阻效果；同心圆形排布对井壁的损伤最大，增阻效果最差。

Abstract:

With the gradual depletion of shallow underground resources， people gradually seek energy from deeper parts of the earth. In order to coping with the harsh environment of underground formations during drilling， a self-balancing drilling system and a bionic self-propelled drilling tool feeding system are proposed to move the pressure drive unit underground. In this paper. In order to solving the problems of how to increase the efficiency of the support mechanism in the self-propelled feed system， the surface of the drag-enhancing mechanism of the self-propelled feed system is designed bionically by analysing the non-smooth structure of the head surface of the dung beetle. The drag-enhancing performance and the damage to the well wall are simulated， and the friction and wear performance is tested experimentally to study the drag-enhancing and wear-reducing effects of different bionic structures. The results show that the ratio of the spacing of the dung beetle head bumps to the diameter of the dung beetle head is around 1.50， the ratio of the diameter of the middle bumps to the length of the corresponding dung beetle head ranges from 1：142 to 1∶133， with a higher probability near 1∶138， the ratio of the diameter of the two side bumps to the length of the corresponding dung beetle head ranges from 1∶173 to 1∶158， with a higher probability near 1∶167. The proportion of the bumps in the middle part was about 45%， and on both sides was basically the same； the spacing of the bionic structure design had a good drag-enhancing effect when the ratio of the spacing to the diameter of the bionic structure was around 1.50. Under the condition of the same diameter of the convex packs， the larger the spacing was， the greater the damage to the wall of the wells. The orthogonal triangular layout was the best layout for the drag-enhancing effect of bionic units， and a rectangular layout increased the damage to the wall of the wells， at the same time， reduced the drag-enhancing effect； Concentric circular arrangement has the greatest damage to the well wall and the worst drag-enhancing effect.