背包钻机在黑土地地表基质调查中的应用研究

Application research of backpack drill in the black soil surface matrix survey

摘要:

为查清齐齐哈尔工作区黑土地地表基质平面及垂向空间分布等本底属性，设计土壤钻孔320个，钻探工作量1600 m，要求采取0~5 m土壤原状样品，样品按分层原则进行取样，以判断地表基质分层结构特征及理化性质等属性。为确保工程质量，采用了GL-10型背包钻机，该钻机为手持液压柱状土壤采样钻机，采用液压动力头驱动冲击圆凿和钻杆进行冲击钻进方式，有效解决了传统钻探的局限性和样品受污染等问题。本文阐述了背包钻机的钻进工艺以及工作原理，论证了其在等方面的突出表现。在调查施工过程中，展示了背包钻机的灵活性、便携性和高效性，以及在获取准确的地表基质样本和数据方面的可靠性。结果表明，背包钻机能够适应复杂多样的地表条件，为地表基质调查提供了一种便捷且有效的技术手段，显著提升了调查工作的精度和效率，对推动地表基质调查技术的发展具有重要的实践意义和应用价值。

Abstract:

In order to survey the background properties such as the plane and vertical spatial distribution of the black soil surface matrix in the Qiqihar work area， 320 soil boreholes were designed with a drilling workload of 1600 m. It is required to take 0~5m undisturbed soil samples， which are sampled according to the principle of layering to determine the characteristics of the layering structure and physical and chemical properties of surface matrix. To ensure the quality of the project， the GL-10 backpack drill was used， which is a handheld hydraulic cylindrical soil sampling drill. It uses a hydraulic power head to drive the impact round chisel and drill rod for impact drilling， which effectively solves the limitations of traditional drilling and the problem of sample contamination. This article elaborates the drilling technology and working principle of the backpack drill， and demonstrates their outstanding performance in various aspects. During the survey of the construction process， the backpack drill showed its flexibility， portability， and efficiency， as well as its reliability in obtaining accurate surface matrix samples and data. The results indicate that backpack drill can adapt to complex and diverse surface conditions， providing a convenient and effective technical means for surface matrix survey， significantly improving the accuracy and efficiency of survey work， and having important practical significance and application value for promoting the development of surface matrix survey technology.