水利水电工程勘察钻机应用现状及发展趋势

Application status and development trend of exploration drilling rigs in water conservancy and hydropower engineering

摘要:

水利工程项目建设往往位于偏远或地貌环境复杂的地区，为开展上述区域的浅部地质勘查，对钻机的轻便程度、在地形复杂地区的迁移能力以及适应复杂地层的多功能需求提出了更高的要求。基于此，本文分别对立轴式岩心钻机、全液压动力头式岩心钻机、声波钻机和便携式岩心钻机在水利水电工程勘察中的应用现状进行了综述，并比较了其优缺点。总体而言，工程勘察钻机都在向着绿色化、模块化和多功能化方向发展，水利水电工程勘察在选择钻机时应综合考虑不同类型钻机在满足孔深、定向、取心和原位试验等具体任务要求情况下进行针对性选择。

Abstract:

The construction of water conservancy projects is often located in remote or complex geomorphic areas. For the shallow geological survey of the above areas， there are higher requirements for the weight of the drilling rig， the migration ability in the complex terrain and the multifunctional of the drilling rig to adapt to the complex strata. Based on this， the application status of different types of （i.e. vertical-spindle， fully hydraulic with power head， sonic， and portable） core drilling rig in hydraulic and hydropower engineering survey is summarized， and their advantages and disadvantages are compared. In general， the engineering survey drilling rigs are developing in the direction of green， modular and multi-function. For the drilling rig selection in the survey of water conservancy and hydropower engineering should comprehensively consider the characteristics of different types of drilling rigs， so as to meet the specific task requirements such as hole depth， orientation， coring and in-situ test.