硅基材料在钻井液中的应用及研究进展

Application and research progress of silicon-based materials in drilling fluid

摘要:

在钻井工程领域，硅基材料因其出色的物理化学特性展现巨大的应用潜力，尤其在深井、特深井的高温、高压、高盐等恶劣环境下的井下作业中。本文综述了含硅类处理剂的分类及其在钻井液中的研究现状，阐述了由无机硅酸盐、纳米二氧化硅、有机硅、复合硅作为主要成分的硅基处理剂在加强井壁稳定性、控制钻孔恶性漏失以及改善钻井液综合性能等方面的具体应用。同时，本文还探讨了硅基材料在未来油气矿产勘探开发应用中面临的技术挑战和研究方向。这对于进一步优化硅基材料技术，使其应用于复杂地层钻井工程具有重要意义。

Abstract:

In the field of drilling engineering， silicon-based materials show great potential for application due to their excellent physicochemical properties， especially in deep and extra-deep wells downhole operations under harsh environments such as high temperature， high pressure， and high salinity. This paper reviews the classification of silicon-containing treatments and their current research status in drilling fluid. The specific applications of silicon-based treatments are described， which consist of inorganic silicates， nano-SiO₂， organosilicon， and hybrid silicate as the main components. These applications include strengthening the stability of the well wall， controlling the malignant leakage of the borehole， and improving the comprehensive performance of drilling fluids. This paper also discusses the technical challenges and research directions faced by silicon-based materials in the future application of oil and gas mineral exploration and development. This is of great significance for further optimizing silicon-based material technology and making it applicable to drilling engineering in complex formations.