地球气体运移与地热资源形成机制研究

Study on migration of the earth interior gases and the formation mechanism of geothermal resources

摘要:

通过多年地热钻探工程实践认为：在传统地热系统“热、通、储、盖”理论指导下，采用水文地质调查和地球物理勘探方法进行地热资源靶区和井位选址，存在着钻井风险大、勘查成果远不及预期等问题，特别是随着地热勘查深度的增加，其问题愈发严重。针对以上问题和地球气体相关文献，结合地热钻探工程实践，阐明了地球内部存在着巨大高温高压气体，地热、油气及煤系气等能源资源的形成与地球气体的运移密切相关，地热资源的形成主要是深部气体起到携带和驱动（介质和动力）作用，并在一定地质环境和空间富集。在此基础上重新建立了水热型地热资源成藏模式，有对流型、传导型和对流-传导复合型3种。并提出在传统地热系统理论基础上，进一步实现地热理论创新、建立地球气体动力学学科，使地热系统理论更加科学和完善，从而为地热资源的持续稳定开发利用提供可靠的理论依据。

Abstract:

Through years of geothermal drilling engineering practice， it is throught that under the guidance of the traditional geothermal system theory of “heat source， channel，reservoir，overlying rock”， some problems exists such as high drilling risk and imperfect exploration results using hydrogeological survey and geophysical exploration methods to select geothermal resource target areas and drilling locations. The problem is more serious especially with the increase of exploration depth. In view of the above problems，combined with relevant literature and the practice of geothermal drilling engineering， this paper shows that there are huge high-temperature and high-pressure gases in earth interior and the formation of the geothermal， oil and gas， gas-bearing coal seams and other energy is closely related to the gases migration in the earth interior. The formation of geothermal resources is mainly caused by the action of carrying and driving （medium and power） of the deep gas and is enriched in a certain geological environment and space. On this basis， the model of reservoir-formation of hydrothermal geothermal resources is re-established， including three types of convective， conductive and compound type of convective-conductive. Moreover， on the basis of the traditional geothermal system theory， innovation of geothermal theory and the dynamics of the earth interior gases are further proposed to make the geothermal systerm theory more scientific and perfect. It provides a reliable theoretical basis for the continuous and steady development and utilization of geothermal resources.