深部硬岩钻探中孕镶金刚石钻头碎岩单元强化研究进展及建议

Research progress and suggestions on strengthening fragmented rock units of diamond bit in deep hard rock drilling

摘要:

随着深部矿产资源的勘探开发与利用的不断发展，孔底环境更加复杂，孕镶金刚石钻头作为地质钻探的专用工具，复杂的深部硬岩地质环境对孕镶金刚石钻头性能也提出更高的要求。孕镶金刚石钻头的碎岩效率及寿命与其碎岩单元性能息息相关，本文对深部硬岩钻进中孕镶金刚石钻头的钻进磨损响应研究现状进行综述，目前研究还不够完善，仍需进一步开展微观深入分析，厘清响应机制。在此基础上，讨论了近年来碎岩单元的创新设计进展，重点从胎体内部结构强化及异形孕镶唇面结构等方面总结分析不同强化方式对切削单元强度、磨损量、钻进效率的影响，研究结果表明确实可以有效提高深部硬岩孕镶钻头的切削效率和工作寿命。从延寿增效的角度讨论了适用于深部硬岩钻进的孕镶金刚石钻头碎岩单元强化方向，为深部地质钻探用孕镶金刚石钻头的设计与制造提供参考。

Abstract:

With the continuous development of the exploration， development and utilization of deep mineral resources， the bottom environment of the hole is more complex. Pregnant diamond bit， as a special tool for geological drilling， the complex deep hard rock geological environment also puts forward higher requirements for the performance of pregnant diamond bit. The efficiency and life of crushed rock of pregnant diamond bit are closely related to the performance of broken rock unit. This paper summarizes the research status of drilling wear response of pregnant diamond bit in deep hard rock drilling. At present， the research is not perfect， so further in-depth analysis is needed to clarify the response mechanism. On this basis， discusses the innovation of broken rock unit in recent years， the emphasis from the internal structure and the analysis of different reinforcement way of the cutting unit strength， wear， drilling efficiency， the results show that it can effectively improve the deep hard rock pregnant drill cutting efficiency and working life. From the perspective of prolonging lifespan and increasing efficiency， this paper discusses the direction of strengthening the broken rock unit of impregnated diamond drill bits suitable for deep hard rock drilling， providing reference for the design and manufacturing of impregnated diamond drill bits for deep geological drilling.