青海省锡铁山矿区坑道钻探技术研究

Research on tunnel drilling technology in Xitieshan mining area， Qinghai Province

摘要:

近几年，锡铁山主矿带逐步进入深部找矿，在矿井下主要借助坑道钻探查明深部矿床分布与储量，在实施坑道钻探过程中面临机场硐室支护、破碎地层钻进、水敏地层护壁取心、涌水地层处理等挑战，如果处理不当会造成机场硐室掉块、坍塌，钻孔出现卡钻、埋钻、坍塌等事故，严重时造成钻孔报废，制约了找矿进程。针对上述复杂地层钻进技术难点，开展加强硐室支护、选择合理钻进参数、优化钻孔结构、制定复杂地层冲洗液配方以及使用速凝水泥封堵等技术措施研究，保障了坑道机场的施工安全，有效解决了该区多种复杂地层的钻进难题，降低了孔内事故发生率和钻孔报废率，提高了钻探效率和钻探质量，为后续相似地层钻探施工提供了参考。

Abstract:

In recent years， the main ore belt of Xitieshan has gradually entered deep exploration， mainly relying on tunnel drilling to determine the distribution and reserves of deep mineral deposits in the mine. During the implementation of tunnel drilling， challenges such as airport chamber support， drilling of fractured strata， core extraction of water sensitive strata wall protection， and treatment of water inrush strata are faced. If not handled properly， it can cause airport chambers to fall and collapse， and drilling accidents such as jamming， burying， and collapse may occur. In severe cases， drilling may be scrapped， which restricts the exploration process. In response to the technical difficulties in drilling complex formations mentioned above， research has been carried out on strengthening tunnel support， selecting reasonable drilling parameters， optimizing drilling structures， formulating complex formation flushing fluid formulas， and using rapid setting cement for sealing. This has ensured the construction safety of the tunnel airport， effectively solved the drilling difficulties in various complex formations in the area， reduced the incidence of accidents and drilling scrap rates， improved drilling efficiency and quality， and provided reference for subsequent drilling construction in similar formations.