大型钻探设备支承底盘焊接工艺优化研究

Research on optimization of welding process for support chassis of large drilling equipment

摘要:

大型支承底盘作为大型钻探设备的支承平台，通常由大量钢板通过焊接装配而成，焊接残余应力和残余变形会对底盘的强度和刚度产生一定的影响。本文运用有限元分析方法，选取高斯移动热源，针对大型支承底盘中具有代表性的T形焊接接头建立了有限元模型，分别采用4种不同的焊接顺序和焊接速度，分析了其对焊接应力和变形的影响，得到了优化的焊接顺序和焊接速度。在此基础上，对底盘的整体焊接方案做出优化，对比分析了优化前后的焊接应力和变形，结果表明：优化后残余应力减少了约7%，最大变形减少了约26%。研究成果可为焊接工艺的制定提供参考。

Abstract:

The support chassis of large drilling equipment， serving as the support platform， is commonly assembled by welding numerous steel plates together. The residual stresses and deformations caused by welding have a certain impact on the strength and stiffness of the chassis. In this study， the finite element analysis method is applied. A finite element model is established for a representative T-type welded joint in the large support chassis， using a Gaussian moving heat source. Four different welding sequences and welding speeds are adopted to analyze their effects on welding stresses and deformations. Optimized welding sequences and welding speeds are obtained. Based on this， an overall welding scheme for the chassis is optimized. A comparative analysis is conducted on the welding stresses and deformations before and after optimization. The results show that the residual stress is reduced by approximately 7% and the maximum deformation is reduced by approximately 26% after optimization. The research results can provide reference for the formulation of welding processes.