万米科学钻探关键机具优化措施研究

Research on optimization measures of key instrument for myriametric scientific drilling

摘要:

科学钻探是获取地下实物资料、认知地下结构与验证重要地质理论的有效技术手段，井下关键机具是保证钻探工程顺利实施的重要基础保障，而万米科学钻探实施过程中的井下高温、高压、长周期、大规程参数的工况与工艺要求对机具的持续稳定性提出了严峻的挑战。本文针对万米钻探工况需求，分析了钻杆柱、井下动力钻具、提速增效钻具等关键机具的结构特点和失效原因，提出了优化钻杆接头结构、设计全金属齿轮马达钻具、改进水力振荡器及射吸式扭力冲击器阀控机构、优选材质及配套表面强化技术等相应优化措施，为后续深地探测工程的实施提供技术储备。

Abstract:

Scientific drilling is an important technical means for obtaining underground physical data， anaylzing underground structures， and verifying important geological theories. The key underground instrument is an important basic guarantee for ensuring the smooth implementation of drilling projects. However， during the myriametric scientific drilling process， the requirements of underground working conditions and craftwork such as high temperature， high pressure， long drilling period， and large specification parameters seriously challenge the working performance of underground instrument. To the end， this paper analyses the structural characteristics and failure reasons of key underground instrument such as drill string， downhole mud motor， and auxiliary synergistic tools under the myriametric drilling working condition， and proposes corresponding measures on optimizing the structure of drill pipe joint， designing metal gear drill， improving the structure of hydraulic oscillator and injection-type torque thruster， and materials selection and setting up surface strengthening techniques， which can provide technical reserves for earth interior detection.