冰层热融钻具倾斜原因及防/纠斜方法浅析

A brief analysis of inclination causes and preventing/correcting methods for ice hot-point drills

摘要:

在冰层钻进时，热融钻具往往会发生倾斜，导致其偏离目标冰层，无法完成既定钻探任务，因此必须对热融钻具的倾斜进行预防和纠正。为此，本文首先分析了热融钻具发生倾斜的原因，并将其归纳为热融钻头底部冰层受热不均、热融钻具结构稳定性差、放缆速度高于钻进速度、钻孔直径过大等；然后，从热力法、重力法、浮力法、推靠法、扶正器法、导向杆嫁接法、钻孔直径减小法等方面归纳总结了热融钻具的防/纠斜方法，从而为进一步开展热融钻具防/纠斜研究奠定了基础。

关键词:冰层钻探;热融钻具;钻具倾斜;防斜;纠斜

Abstract:

The hot-point drillis often tend to tilt in ice drilling， which results in deviation from the target ice and failure to complete the scheduled drilling mission. To this end， the causes for the inclination of hot-point drills are anaylized and categorized into uneven heating of the ice at the bottom of the thermal head， poor stability of the hot-point drill structure， higher speed of cable unwinding than penetration speed and oversized borehole diameter. The methods of preventing and correcting the inclination in hot-point drilling are summarized， including the thermal method， the gravity method， the buoyancy method， the push method， the centralizer method， the guide rod method and the borehole diameter reduction method， so as to lay a foundation for further research on preventing and correcting the inclination of hot-point drills.

Key words:ice drilling;hot-point drills;drill inclination;prevention of inclination;correction of inclination