DH型转阀钻井冲击器结构性能参数优化研究

Optimization of the structural performance parameters of the dual-fluid powered rotary valve drilling impactor

摘要:

为了研究旋冲钻井中双液驱动DH型转阀钻井冲击器的冲击运动规律，优化其性能参数，通过分析其在冲程阶段和回程阶段的受力情况，采用有限差分法，建立转阀活塞运动数学模型，利用MATLAB软件编译仿真电算程序，对转阀活塞的动力学过程进行仿真电算，得出DH型转阀钻井冲击器的最优冲击性能参数。同时研究冲击器上下腔面积差、油压系统流量及压降对DH型转阀钻井冲击器冲击性能的影响，并设计关于冲击功、冲击频率和冲击功率的正交分析试验，利用Design-Expert软件对计算结果进行优化，以更好地提高冲击器的工作性能。研究结果表明：活塞杆直径和压降对冲击器工作性能的影响较为突出，流量对冲击器工作性能的影响较小。经优化，冲击功提高21.88%，冲击频率提高12.9%，冲击功率提高37.6%。相关研究对液动冲击器设计及应用具有一定的指导意义。

关键词:液动冲击器;双液驱动;旋冲钻井;转阀活塞;数学模型;正交试验

Abstract:

In order to research the impact motion law of the dual-fluid rotary valve impactor in rotary percussive drilling， and optimize its performance parameters， through the analysis of its forces in the phases of stroke and return， the finite difference method is used to create the mathematical model of the rotary valve piston movement， and a simulation computer program compiled with MATLAB software is applied to simulation of the dynamic process of the rotary valve piston to obtain the optimal impact performance parameters of the dual-fluid powered rotary valve drilling impactor. At the same time， the influence of the difference in the area between the upper and lower chambers of the impactor， and the flow rate and pressure drop of the oil pressure system on the impact performance of the dual-fluid powered rotary valve drilling impactor is studied， and the orthogonal analysis test for impact energy， impact frequency and impact power is designed. The results are optimized by Design-Expert software to improve the working performance of the impactor. The results show that the piston rod diameter and pressure drop have prominent effects on the impactor performance， while the flow rate has little effect on the impactor performance. After optimization， the impact energy， impact frequency and impact power are increased by 21.88%，12.9% and 37.6% respectively. The research has guiding significance to the design and application of hydraulic impactors.

Key words:hydraulic impactor;dual-fluid drive;rotary percussion drilling;rotary valve piston;mathematical model;orthogonal test