地质钻探垂钻定向纠偏控制的工程实现与实验分析

Engineering implementation and experimental analysis for directional drilling deviation correction control in geological drilling

摘要:

理论提出的纠偏方法需反复进行实验验证方可应用于实际工程，然而垂钻纠偏控制过程复杂，操作难度大，所需时间长、资金庞大，直接将所提方法放置现场调试是不可取的，而仅采用计算机仿真对算法进行验证也有一定局限性，因此发展和研究纠偏控制工程实现方法十分必要。本文以地质钻探钻进过程定向纠偏控制的工程实现为导向，首先分析并给出实际纠偏工艺过程以及纠偏控制的特点与目标；然后总结基于模型预测控制的纠偏控制问题与优化目标，结合笔者早期的一些纠偏控制理论研究，分别阐述不同纠偏工况下的纠偏控制方法；其次开发定向纠偏控制系统，用于集成纠偏控制算法，使得算法能够应用于实际工程；最后设计纠偏控制实验，以验证纠偏控制算法的工程适用性。实验表明，所提纠偏控制方法能够有效应用于实际纠偏过程，并应对和完成多种纠偏任务。

关键词:地质钻探;钻进过程;定向纠偏;垂钻轨迹延伸模型;模型预测控制;纠偏控制系统;工程应用

Abstract:

The deviation correction method needs to be verified by experiments repeatedly before it can be applied to practical projects. It will take much time and money to conduct field testing before the development of algorithm has been completed. So it is very necessary to develop the engineering realization method of deviation correction control . In this paper， with the realization of deviation correction control in geological drilling as the research subject， the description of the actual correction process and the objectives of correction control are given. The problems with the model predictive control are summarized， and the correction control methods under different correction conditions are described based on the author’s early theoretical research. A directional drilling correction control system is developed to integrate the correction control algorithm. Finally， experiments are designed to verify the engineering applicability of the correction control algorithm. The experimental results show that the proposed control method can be effectively applied to the actual correction process， and can solve various correction tasks.

Key words:geological drilling;drilling process;directional drilling deviation correction;trajectory extension model for vertical drilling;model predictive control;directional rectifying control system;engineering implementation