北美非常规油气超长水平井优快钻井技术及实例分析

North America unconventional long lateral well fast-drilling technology with case study

摘要:

非常规油气田开发中，超长水平井应用广泛。近几年中国国内各油气田在超长水平井钻井技术上相继有重大突破，但在优快钻井方面，有待进一步提高技术的有效性和可重复性。北美非常规油气开发较早，优快钻井技术已经非常成熟，超过3000 m的超长水平井也相当普遍，而且钻井效率明显高于国内同类型井。本文针对北美超长水平井先进的钻井设备、钻井设计、井下工具、施工参数以及施工操作和管理等方面，结合美国二叠纪盆地2口水平井的实钻数据，概要介绍北美超长水平井优快钻井技术及效果，供借鉴与参考。

Abstract:

The global unconventional oil and gas field development is currently facing continued low-price challenges， therefore， well productivity and well construction efficiency improvement is becoming particularly important. There are two major developing trends in drilling： one is the lateral length is getting longer and longer to achieve higher reservoir contact volume and therefore increased well productivity； the other is the drilling efficiency continues to improve to achieve higher economic efficiency by reducing well construction time and costs. Accordingly， it poses great challenges to horizontal well drilling， especially the ultra-long horizontal wells. It is particularly important to develop a complete fast drilling technology system for effective ROP improvement and well construction costs reduction. In recent years， Chinese unconventional oil and gas fields had made major breakthroughs in fast-drilling technologies but lack of effectiveness and repeatability. The North America unconventional oil and gas development has long history， and its fast-drilling technologies are mature. Wells with lateral length of more than 3000m are very common and the drilling performance is clearly better than those similar wells in China. This paper focuses on the advanced drilling equipment， drilling design， downhole tools， drilling parameters and operational practices of North American ultra-long horizontal wells， supported with two case studies from the Permian Basin with actual drilling data. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the fast-drilling technologies in North America， discuss and share the application results for reference for the Chinese unconventional oil and gas fields development.