建筑工程抗浮设防的勘察设计要求及分析

Requirements and analysis on investigation and design of anti-flotation fortification in building engineering

摘要:

近年来建筑工程上浮事故屡见报道，相关已有司法判例判罚结果差异巨大，对勘察和设计单位极为不利。本文从抗浮的原理出发，在分析既有判例的基础上，结合相关标准规范的要求和实践中存在的问题，就勘察和设计文件在抗浮问题上的应有关切点提出了建议。本文首次对“水盆效应”作了动态的、过程上的解释说明，提出了“盆中盆”技术措施，并提出大型基坑配备自动监测与报警系统等建议。本文旨在明确勘察、设计条件，避免工程事故、案件争议及由此引发的不利结果，可供勘察设计单位参考借鉴。

Abstract:

In recent years， floating accidents in building engineering have been reported frequently， and the existing judicial precedents are extremely unfavorable to the investigation and design units. Starting from the principle of anti-floating， based on the analysis of existing cases， combined with the requirements of relevant standards and problems in practice， this paper puts forward suggestions on the concerns of investigation and design documents on anti-floating. The dynamic and process explanation of “basin effect” is given for the first time in this paper. The basin-in-basin technical measures have been put forward for the first time. Automatic monitoring， alarm systems， among others are suggested for large-scale foundation pits. This paper is intended to clarify the investigation and design conditions， avoid engineering accidents， legal disputes and the adverse results caused by them， which can be used for reference by investigation and design units.