煤田绳索取心钻探应建立新的行业钻探体系

Coalfield wire-line drilling should be established as a new drilling system

摘要:

煤炭仍然是世界主要能源资料，煤田地质勘探必将向深部发展，绳索取心钻探技术是深部钻探优质高效的首选方法。目前煤田绳索取心钻探技术未能全面采用，存在若干不适应煤田地层的技术问题，但都能采取措施解决。煤田地质钻探钻遇地层普遍存在水敏现象，导致泥浆含砂、含泥量过高使性能变坏。煤田绳索取心钻探还存在与“水敏”、“砂害”伴随着的泵压高、泥浆流速快、冲刷严重、冲洗液动力学效应负作用大等问题，采用非煤地质勘探标准钻具（柱），强度低，能力弱，难以抵抗负面作用。为此，不仅需要优选适应地层抑制其水敏性的泥浆配比，更重要的是解决除砂除泥问题。同时要打破旧有思维，建立新体系，扩大钻孔直径，增大配套间隙，提升装备动力，用大功率去克服问题。

Abstract:

Coal is still the world’s major source of energy. Geological exploration for coal resources will ultimately go to the deeper earth， and wire-line coring drilling technology has always been the first option for deep exploration due to its high quality and efficiency in deep drilling. Currently， wire-line core drilling technology has not been fully used in the coalfield because of some technical problems with coalfield strata. However， measures can be taken to solve them. Water sensitivity is a common phenomenon in the coalfield’s geological exploration， leading to high sand and mud content in drilling mud and deteriorating performance of drilling mud. There are also problems associated with “water sensitive” and “sand damage” in coalfield wire-line core drilling， such as high pump pressure， high mud flow rate， severe erosion， serious negative effect from flushing fluid dynamics. The low strength and poor capacity of non-coal geological exploration standard drilling tools （drilling stems） cannot cope with the above adverse effects. Therefore， it is necessary to optimize the makeup of drilling mud for water-sensitive formation； more importantly， removal of sand and mud should be solved. In addition， it is necessary to break conventional thought and build a new system， such as enlarging the diameter of the drilling hole， increasing the clearance between the matching bit sizes， improving the power of the equipment so as to overcome the problems with high power.