勘探平硐施工技术与掘进装备发展现状

Advances in exploration adit construction technologyand excavation equipment

摘要:

平硐勘探是在进行水利水电勘察时，获取山体周围区域的地质参数，全面了解地层情况的一种技术手段。在勘查工作中，首先的目标是查明建筑物的工程地质条件或特殊的地质问题，如断层、夹层等，并进行现场的原位测试和试验。因此，平硐勘探施工技术在重要工程勘察中占据十分重要的地位。如何加快施工进度、缩短工期、解决平硐施工中的难题是这项技术主要的研究方向。目前，平硐的施工工艺和掘进装备已有一定的发展，但是针对勘探平硐开拓技术和相关专用装备的研究仍处于起步阶段。本文主要论述了平硐施工工艺和掘进装备的发展现状，分析其特点及局限性，将不同施工方法的综合性能进行对比，并针对勘探平硐技术发展的实际问题进行分析，探讨了钻孔劈裂方法在勘探平硐中的优势以及适用性，最后基于施工工艺对勘探平硐掘进装备的发展方向进行了展望。

Abstract:

Adit exploration is a technical method to obtain the geological parameters of the region around the mountain and comprehensively understand the geology in survey for water conservancy and hydropower works. In the exploration work, the first goal is to find out the engineering geological conditions or special geological problems for the works, such as fault, interlayer, etc, and carry out in-situ tests. Therefore, adit exploration and construction technology occupies a very important position in important engineering investigation. How to speed up the construction progress, shorten the construction period and solve the problems in adit construction is the main research focus in this field. At present, construction technology and excavation equipment for the adit has advanced to a certain extent, but the research and related special equipment is still in the initial stage. This paper mainly discusses the advances in adit construction technology and equipment, and analyzes their characteristics and limitations by comparison of the comprehensive performance of different construction methods. Discussion is also made on the actual problems in the development of exploration adit technology, including the advantage and applicability of the drilling-splitting method in exploration adit construction. Finally, the development trend of exploration adit excavation equipment is envisioned based on construction technology.