我国深海钻探重入钻孔技术优选及设计思路

Optimization and design approach for deep-sea drilling well reentry technology in China

摘要:

深海钻探通常采用无隔水管开路钻进，当更换钻头或钻具，测井、处理孔内事故等情况时，需要起下钻后重新进入原钻孔，此过程称为重入钻孔。由于钻探船与海底孔口有数千米的水体相隔，受海浪和洋流作用，钻探船动荡不稳，钻杆柱摇摆不定，要想重新进入原钻孔并非易事。本文通过广泛调研，对海底基盘、声呐重入系统、水下电视重入系统及无人遥控潜水器（ROV）等目前几种常见的重入钻孔技术进行了详细介绍，对各种技术的优缺点进行了综合对比，优选了水下电视重入系统作为我国深海钻探重入钻孔技术方案，初步提出了技术设计思路，为样机研发和工艺制定奠定了基础。

Abstract:

Riserless drilling is usually used in deep sea drilling. For change of the drill bit or the bottom hole assembly , logging or dealing with the incident in the hole, it is necessary to trip out the drilling string and then get it back into the original hole, and this process is called “well reentry”. Because the drilling vessel is separated from the submarine wellhead by water for several kilometers, it is unstable with the drill string swinging due to the waves and ocean currents. It is not easy to reenter the original hole. Through extensive investigations, this article introducesseveral common reentry drilling technologies at home and abroad in detail, compares the advantages and disadvantages of different technologies, optimizes the underwater television reentry drilling technology. The design approach for deepsea drilling well reentry technology is put forward, laying the foundation for development of the prototype and reentry process.