极地冰钻关键技术研究进展

Advances in research on key technology for ice drilling in the polar regions

摘要:

极地冰钻技术是获取冰芯，研究冰盖-冰架-海洋相互作用，以及获取极地冰下基岩与冰下水环境样品，开展冰下环境探测的重要手段。目前极地冰钻技术的难点与前沿主要包括深冰芯钻探、冰架热水钻、冰下基岩钻和冰下水环境采样与观测技术。本文针对以上4个极地冰钻关键技术，对国内外相关技术的研究进展与项目开展情况进行了总结与梳理。综合来看，虽然我国开展极地钻探技术研究起步较晚，但随着我国极地战略不断推进，我国的极地冰钻关键技术与装备的研究正持续向着赶超极地钻探强国方向迈进，这必将为我国的极地科学研究提供强有力的技术支撑。

Abstract:

Ice drilling technologies for the polar regions are the crucial means of obtaining the ice core to investigate the interaction of the polar ice sheet, ice shelf, and ocean; and obtaining subglacial bedrock core and water sample to explore the subglacial environment. At present, the difficulties and frontiers of polar ice drilling technology mainly include deep ice core drilling, ice shelf hot water drilling, subglacial bedrock drilling and subglacial environment sampling, observation technology. In view of the above four key technologies of polar ice drilling, this paper summarizes and sorts out the research progress and project development of related technologies in China and abroad. In general, the research on polar drilling technology started late in China, but the research on the key technologies and equipment of polar ice drilling in China is moving towards surpassing the polar drilling powers in the world, as China’s polar strategy continues to advance. And it will certainly provide a strong technical support for China’s polar scientific research.