水平分支注浆孔卡埋钻事故处理实践

Treatment of drilling sticking and burial in horizontal grouting laterals

摘要:

近年来煤矿奥灰治水注浆定向钻进技术发展迅速，多分支超深水平注浆孔数量激增。在水平注浆孔施工过程中，普遍存在地层漏失量大，泥浆突然失返，小径钻孔裸孔段长，水平段孔眼轨迹复杂，控制难度大，靶点技术误差要求严，定向仪器、工具等价格昂贵，施工风险相对较高，极易发生埋钻卡钻事故。一旦发生卡钻事故，就会面临着处理周期长、处理难度大等问题，传统的卡埋钻处理方法在水平注浆孔中应用效果不明显。通过采用空压机输送压缩空气，破坏水平孔着床的沉砂结构，将着床的沉砂吹出孔外或吹入地层裂隙，成功地实现了解卡。总结了水平注浆孔施工中卡埋钻事故的预防措施。

Abstract:

In recent years, the directional drilling technology for Ordovician limestone water control grouting has developed rapidly, leading to sharp increase in the number of multi-lateral ultra deep horizontal grouting holes. In drilling of horizontal grouting holes, there are many common problems, such as large amount of formation leakage, sudden mud loss, long open hole sections at small-diameter, complex hole trajectories of the horizontal section; great difficulty in control, strict error allowance, expensive directional instruments and tools, etc.; and relatively high drilling risk due to proneness to drill pipe sticking incidents. Once the sticking incident occurs, it will take a long period to deal with it with great difficulty. The traditional sticking treatment method doesn’t work well for such incidents in horizontal grouting holes. With use of the air compressor, compressed air was supplied to destroy the sand settling structure in the horizontal hole, and blew the settled sand out of the hole or into the formation fractures; thus realizing successful treatment of sticking and burial in drilling of horizontal grouting holes. The preventive measures for sticking and burial incidents in drilling of horizontal grouting holes are summarized.