海洋钻井钻柱升沉补偿系统分析

Analysis of drill string compensation system for offshore drilling

摘要:

随着海洋资源勘探开发由浅海到深海逐渐增多，深水钻井面临的难题也不同于陆地与浅水，如何在随着波浪起伏的钻井平台上保持钻压稳定，钻柱升沉补偿系统应运而生。钻柱升沉补偿系统应用于浮式钻井平台或钻井船，在船受风浪影响起伏颠簸时可以使钻柱保持相对静止，使钻头与孔底保持持续接触，钻压保持基本恒定，起到保护钻具，提高钻进效率的作用。本文介绍了升沉补偿系统的发展阶段和常用升沉补偿系统结构及优缺点，通过示意图说明了主动补偿系统、被动补偿系统和主被动一体式补偿系统的工作原理。同时通过实例与数据说明升沉补偿系统在提高钻速和岩心采收率方面的积极作用。

Abstract:

With the exploration of deep-sea resources increasing gradually, drilling is facing new difficulties. The drill string compensation system is applied to stabilize the floating drilling platform or drilling ship. The system can keep the drill string in a relative static position and protect it from jolting caused by wind and waves, thus allowing the drill bit in constant contact with the hole-bottom, and the bit pressure basically constant. It plays a role in protecting drilling tools and improving drilling efficiency. This paper introduces the advances of the compensation systems, as well as the structure, principle, advantages and disadvantages of various systems. Field cases and data are presented to demonstrate the benefits of the compensation system in improving drilling rates and core recovery.