旋挖钻斗切削结构的优化改进及其应用

Optimized Improvement and Application of the Cutting Structure Design for the Rotary Drilling Bucket

摘要:

根据旋挖钻斗钻进机理及其切削结构研究与优化分析，针对旋挖钻进现场施工过程中存在的钻进效率低，先导定心尖导向性差、易打滑晃动，渣土不能有效地收集到钻斗内，边齿座易磨损、边齿尖易断裂，孔底和孔壁沉渣较多，引土板结构形式不满足工程要求等问题，优化改进了先导定心尖和引土板的结构设计，以及切削齿的布齿方式、数量和入岩角度等。优化改进后，提高了钻进效率（提高80%），减轻了工人劳动强度，延长了钻斗寿命，降低了施工成本，为今后旋挖钻斗的结构设计及其应用提供了理论依据与经验借鉴。

Abstract:

Based on the research and optimization analysis on the drilling mechanism and cutting structure of the rotary drilling bucket, according to the problems in the rotary drilling process, such as low drilling efficiency; poor guidance of centering tip and being easy to slip; ineffective residual soil collection; outer edge teeth holder wearing and the tips of outer edge teeth being easy to break; much sediment at the hole bottom and wall and the structure type of the soil leading plates can not meet the engineering requirements, the structural design of centering tip and soil leading plates are optimized and improved, as well as the cutting teeth distribution, teeth quantity and the rock cracking angle. By the optimized improvement, the drilling efficiency is improved by 80%. In addition, the labor intensity is alleviated, the bit service life is extended and the construction cost is reduced, the practice provides the theoretical basis and experience for the structure design and application of the rotary drilling bucket in the future.