不同地层钻进用金刚石钻头分析研究

Analytical Research on Diamond Drill Bits Used in Different Formations

摘要:

在钻探工程中，特别是深孔钻进中，常常遇到各种复杂情况，例如，遇到坚硬裂隙性地层钻进问题，空气泡沫洗井时钻头冷却问题，钻孔和岩心保径问题，等等。这些复杂情况的解决几乎均与钻头的技术特性和工作能力有关。应从钻头方面进行研究、采取对策，以便提高钻探工程的技术经济指标。俄罗斯专家在解决上述有关问题时在可以使用的钻头方面进行了很多的研究，取得了一定的成果，包括坚硬裂隙性岩石钻进用金刚石钻头、压缩空气（泡沫）洗井用金刚石钻头、保径金刚石钻头等。本文介绍了这几种获专利技术的金刚石钻头的结构、工作原理及优点，可供我国研究和借鉴。

Abstract:

In drilling engineering, particularly in deep hole drilling, various complicated cases are often encountered, for example, drilling in very hard and fractured formations, drill bit cooling while drilling with compressed air or foam and keeping diameters of the hole and core, etc. However, the solutions of these problems are almost all related to the technical characteristics and working ability of the drill bits to be used. The study should be carried on the drill bits to be used and the countermeasures in order to improve the technical and economic indexes of drilling engineering. Russian specialists have made a great deal studies on drill bits those can be used in solving the above problems and have achieved some good results, including diamond drill bits used in hard fractured rocks, diamond drill bits in compressed air (foam) drilling and diamond gauge protecting bits. This paper introduces the structures, working principles and the advantages of these patented diamond bits, which can be the reference in China.