日本南海海槽天然气水合物取样调查与成功试采

Japan’s Sampling Study and Successful Production Test for NGH in Nankai Trough

摘要:

日本在实施天然气水合物研发计划（MH21）的第一阶段（2001—2008）及之后，作为合作伙伴，参加了加拿大Mallik和美国阿拉斯加陆域永冻层的水合物试采工程项目，并在本国南海海槽分别于2000年和2004年实施了水合物探井施工和多井钻探取样调查。从MH21第二阶段（2009—2015）开始，日本加强了对南海海槽东部的钻探、取样调查，运用新研发的CDEX hybrid PCS系统采取保压岩心；运用PCCT压力岩心测试鉴定仪器，对含水合物沉积地层的岩样作精密测试分析；提出水合物开采环境效应评估（EIA）研究战略，运用综合方法认真实施EIA调查，以及对海域水合物生产环境监测系统，包括海底甲烷泄漏监测仪（MLMS）、海底变形测量仪（SDMS）等予以布署。2013年3月12—18日，日本在南海海槽东部深水水合物储层实施了第一次天然气水合物的试采。六日内累积生产气量约120000 m3，平均日产气量20000 m3。这是世界上第一次海域天然气水合物成功的试采工程，是国际天然气水合物开发史上的一座里程碑。但是，天然气水合物的商业化开采在国际上将是一个艰难、漫长的过程。

Abstract:

During phase 1（2001—2008） of Japan Methane Hydrate R&D program（MH21）and later, Japan participated in NGH production tests in permafrost zone in Canada Mallik and US Alaska; In 2000 and 2004, a exploration well and a multiplewell coring project were respectively executed. Since the beginning of phase 2（2009—2015） of the MH21, Japan had strenthened the drilling and coring studies for methane hydrate reservoir in Eastern Nankai Trough with CDEX hybrid PCS, as well as comducted fine analysis and characterization for coring samples of hydratebearing sediments under pressure with Pressure Core Characterization Tools（PCCT）, etc.; The strategy of Environmental Impact Assessment（EIA）study was put forwaded, and EIA methodology seriously was applied, as well as monitoring systems for offshore production tests, including Methane Leakage Monitoring System (MLMS), Seafloor Deformation Monitoring System (SDMS) etc., were deploied. Japan completed offshore methane hydrate production testmethane producrd from deepwater hydrate layers in the Eastern Nankai Trough in 12—18 of March, 2013. Cumulative volume of gas production was 120000m3 in 6 day, average volume of gas production——20000m3/day. This is the first offshore methane hydrate successful production test in the world, and a milestone in NGH development history in the world. At the same time, the NGH commercial production will be internationally a very difficut and long period.