南极冰下基岩热水驱动快速取心钻具研究

Research on Rapid Coring Drill by Hot Water Driving for Subglacial Bedrock in Antarctic

摘要:

南极大陆冰下基岩岩心对研究南极大陆地质构造及成因具有重要意义，目前尚没有任何一个国家在南极内陆成功钻取冰下基岩样品，研制可快速钻至冰岩界面并完成基岩采样的钻进设备迫在眉睫。针对极地冰下基岩取样技术难题，提出了一种可结合热水钻系统使用的采用热水驱动的冰下基岩取心钻具概念设计。该钻具系统采用常规热水钻完成南极大陆上覆冰层钻进，然后更换热水取心钻具穿过已有钻孔快速到达冰岩界面，完成冰下沉积物和基岩取心钻进，大大缩短基岩取心时间，提高钻进效率。结合中国自主研发的热水钻系统参数，对螺杆马达压力损失和输出扭矩进行理论计算，提出了螺杆马达选择依据。该技术有望在未来极地冰下基岩取心钻进中发挥重要作用。

Abstract:

Subglacial bedrock core in Antarctic region is of great importance to the research on geologic structure and formation of Antarctic continent, no subglancial bedrock samples has been obtained in current global history, the development of rapid coring technology for subglacial bedrock in Antarctic becomes increasingly urgent. According to technological problems of subglacial bedrock coring, a conceptual design of rapid coring drill by hot water driving for subglacial bedrock in Antarctic is put forward in this paper, the ice cover on the Antarctic continent is drilled using this system with conventional hot water drilling, then replaced by hot water coring drill through the ice hole rapidly to ice rock interface in order to carry out the coring drilling of subglacial sediments and bedrock, the bedrock coring time is greatly shortened with high drilling efficiency. Based on the testing parameters of China independent researched and developed hot water drilling system, the theoretical calculation is made on the pressure loss and output torque of positive displacement motor (PDM) to provide the choice basis for PDM motor. This type of coring drill is hopeful to play an important role in future subglacail bedrock coring drilling in polar region.