冰层取心回转钻进模拟实验台的设计与测试

Design and Test on Experimental Table of Stimulated Rotary Drilling for Ice Coring

摘要:

极地钻探实践表明，冰盖底部冰岩交界附近地质情况异常复杂，不但可能存在暖冰、基底融水，甚至还存在厚度不等的冰岩夹层，取心钻探异常困难，而优选钻头类型、确定合理的钻进参数是保证其安全、快速钻进的重要因素。本文设计了一套能够模拟冰层回转钻进的实验台，其技术参数为：钻压、转速分别可在0～10 kN、0～300 r/min范围内调节，最大扭矩约100 N·m。该实验台能够测量钻头切削具温度、钻孔深度及钻进速度等参数，为深入研究钻头类型及结构参数、钻进参数对扭矩、钻速和切削温度的影响规律提供了手段。采用PDC复合片钻头进行了冰钻实验，结果表明，实验台能够准确调节钻压和转速，可满足实验要求。

关键词:极地钻探;冰层取心钻进;冰钻;冰岩夹层;切削热;实验装置

Abstract:

Polar drilling practice reveals the complicated geological conditions near the bottom of ice sheet and the ice-rock interface; warm ice, basal melt water and even the debris-rich ice with unequal thickness may exist, these conditions make coring drilling extremely difficult. The optimization of bit types and the determination of reasonable drilling parameters become important factors to ensure safe and rapid drilling. In this paper, an experimental table is introduced, which can stimulate rotary drilling in ice with adjustable bit pressure and rotation speed of 0～10kN and 0～300r/min respectively and the maximum torque about 100N·m. By this experimental table, the temperature of bit, borehole depth, drilling speed and some other parameters can be measured to provide means for further research on the influence of bit type and structure parameters on torque and cutting temperature. Ice drilling experiment was carried out with PDC bit; the results show that the experimental requirements can be met by this table with accurately adjusted drilling pressure and speed.

Key words:polar drilling; ice core drilling; ice drilling; debris-rich ice; cutting heat; experimental device