国际油气井钻头进展概述 (四)——PDC钻头发展进程及当今态势（下）

International Advancement of Drilling Bits for Oil and Gas Well (4)—PDC Bits Progress and Present Trend (Ⅱ)

摘要:

近年来，非平面PDC切削齿，如浅凹面PDC齿、Stinger毒牙中心锥形齿、Stinger毒牙刀翼锥形齿、AxeBlade斧式脊形PDC齿和StayCool保持冷却PDC齿等制造的钻头，逐步在油气钻井中得到有效的应用。这些钻头能够以较高的钻进效率和工作寿命钻进某些硬岩和研磨性地层。为了满足水平钻井，特别在页岩气水平井中能够强力排除岩屑，并具有优良的钻井导向性能，国际著名公司推出了许多新型钻头,如ONXY Ⅱ矛式PDC钻头、Seeker导向PDC钻头、CounterForce反力PDC钻头、Speed快速PDC钻头等用于当代油气钻井，取得了良好的效果。文章还介绍了Defyer DPA套管钻头与CuttPro PDC防剪切保护帽。提出了以下建议：继续深入研究PDC钻头，以提高其性能，更好地满足油气钻井的要求；组合化钻头是油气钻头发展的重要趋势；比金刚石性能更好的钻头切削材料有可能今后发现或合成，可用于制作更佳钻井钻头；我国钻头企业需重组和发展状大；各种钻头技术创新应该加强。

Abstract:

New bits with non-planar face PDC cutters, including shallow recessed cutter、Stinger central conical element、StingBlade element、AxeBlade ridged diamond element and StayCool diamond element, have gradually been introduced in oil and gas drilling in recent years. Those bits could drill some hard and abrasive formations with propriety ROP and durability. To meet the demands for powerful removal of cuttings and excellent steering for horizontal drilling, especially in shale well, ONXY Ⅱ Spear PDC bits、Seeker Directional PDC bits、CounterForce PDC bits、Speed Double Diameter PDC bits etc. Launched by International famous companies for oil and gas drilling worldwide at present. Newly developed Defyer DPA drillable casing bit and CuttPro cutter shearing caps for PDC are also mentioned in the paper. Summary(total 4 articles): (1)PDC bits should be continued deeply developed to meet requirements for oil and gas field perfectly. (2)Hybridization of bits is a trend in oil and gas well drilling. About 7 types of hybrid bits are introduced in the paper. It is just a beginning. More category’s hybrid bits would be developed and applied in oil and gas drilling in future years. (3)Some super-hard materials, which could be better used as cutters for well bits compared with diamond, might be discovered or synthesized later. (4)The bits enterprises should be reorganized and grown up, as well as technical innovations for drill bits must be strengthened in China.