地质钻探技术与装备21世纪新进展

New Development of the 21st Century Geological Drilling Technology and Equipment

摘要:

21世纪初，我国地质钻探技术处于立轴钻机普遍使用、国产绳索取心钻杆只能满足1000 m以内孔深钻进要求、钻探器具相对落后、硬岩地层钻进效率低、复杂地层取心效果差的落后局面。近10多年来，在多个国家重大科学工程项目、国家科技支撑计划、“863”计划、地质大调查专项等科技项目支持下，通过产学研联合攻关，形成了硬岩深井科学钻探技术体系和2000 m以内地质岩心钻探技术体系，浅层取心（取样）钻探技术、新能源勘探开发钻探技术、地质灾害调查和防治钻探技术、定向钻探技术、基础工程施工钻掘技术等都取得了飞速的发展和进步。本文对21世纪我国地质钻探技术与装备、关键器具新进展进行了阐述，并对经济新常态下的发展方向进行了展望。

Abstract:

At the beginning of the 21st century, shaft drilling rig was commonly used in China and China manufactured wire-line core drilling pipe could only satisfy the operation of drilling depth less than 1000m, which resulted in low drilling efficiency and poor coring rate in hard formations. In the past decade, with the support of a number of major national science and technology projects, the national science and technology support program, 863 plan and the special geological survey as well as some other technical projects and by the joint efforts of enterprise-university-institute, hard rock and deep well scientific drilling technology system and geological core(2000m) drilling technology system have been formed; rapid development and progress have been made in drilling (tunneling) technologies for shallow coring (sampling), new energy resources exploration and development, geological hazards investigation and prevention, directional drilling and foundation engineering construction. The drilling development direction of “new normal of China” economy is also prospected in this paper.