泥河湾干热岩勘探ZK1井高效钻井技术研究与应用

Research and application of efficient drilling technology for the Yangyuan hot dry rock exploration ZK1 well

摘要:

干热岩型地热资源具有清洁、稳定、储量巨大等优势,是未来深部地热能开发的重要方向。泥盆湾盆地地处华北克拉通破坏与伸展作用叠加区,断裂构造发育,地热异常明显,具备良好的干热岩赋存条件。针对该区基岩地层坚硬、研磨性强、井斜控制难度大等钻进难题,以泥盆湾干热岩勘探孔ZK1为工程背景,开展了高效钻井技术研究。论文系统总结了钻井过程中的关键技术,包括:采用“螺杆马达+PDC钻头”复合钻进技术,显著提高硬岩地层的机械钻速；建立了多措并举的井斜控制措施,通过刚性满眼钻具组合、加密测斜与实时纠偏,实现全井累计井斜小于8°/3000 m；优化钻进参数,采用双管单动取心工具配合金刚石钻头,岩心平均采取率为74.58%。工程实践表明,所形成的高效钻井技术体系成功完成了3005.41 m干热岩井施工,为泥盆湾盆地及类似干热岩资源勘探提供了有效的技术参考。

Abstract:

Hot dry rock geothermal resources have the advantages of being clean, stable, and having vast reserves, making them an important direction for future deep geothermal energy development. The Devonian Bay Basin is located in the overlapping area of destruction and extension of the North China Craton, where fault structures are well developed, and geothermal anomalies are significant, providing favorable conditions for the occurrence of hot dry rocks. Addressing drilling challenges in this area, such as hard bedrock formations, high abrasiveness, and difficulty in controlling well deviation, this study, based on the Devonian Bay hot dry rock exploration well ZK1, conducted research on efficient drilling technology. The paper systematically summarizes key technologies during the drilling process, which include: employing a composite drilling technique of "mud motor with PDC bit" to significantly increase the mechanical drilling speed in hard rock formations; establishing multiple well deviation control measures, and through the combination of rigid full-face drilling tools, intensified logging, and real-time correction, achieving a cumulative well deviation of less than 8° over 3000 m; optimizing drilling parameters and using a dual-tube single-action core-taking tool in combination with diamond bits, resulting in an average core recovery rate of 74.58%. Engineering practice has shown that the developed efficient drilling technology system successfully completed the construction of a 3005.41 m hot dry rock well, providing an effective technical reference for the exploration of hot dry rock resources in the Devonian Bay Basin and similar areas.