高造斜定导向钻进试验平台设计与应用

Design and application of high-build-rate directional drilling test platform

摘要:

现有钻井试验台架空间受限、稳定性差及自动化程度低，无法满足高造斜井下钻具试验需要。本文研发了一套高造斜定导向钻进试验平台。该平台采用模块化结构（钻机区、岩样区、模拟井筒、钻具固定区、循环系统、数据管理系统），通过两侧三角支架增强抗倾覆性能，并利用对称槽钢导轨实现承载与快速定位。导向管支撑采用三角桁架结构，配合底部固定板保障了运行过程中的同轴度。钻机动力头桅杆倾转角度0~90°，可动态调整给进压力、扭矩、转速等钻进参数；模拟井筒安装压力、扭矩传感器可实时采集钻头处钻压、扭矩、振动等关键参数。基于该平台开展了高造斜定导向柔性钻柱实钻与力学测试试验和柔性动力钻具定向造斜实钻试验。结果表明该试验平台结构设计合理、运行平稳，可有效模拟高造斜定导向钻具实际钻进工况，为高造斜定导向井下钻具测试及钻进工艺研究提供了可靠的试验手段。

Abstract:

The existing drilling test rigs are constrained by limited space， poor stability， and low automation， making them inadequate for testing downhole tools in high-build-rate directional drilling. To address these challenges， a novel test platform for high-build-rate directional drilling was developed. The platform adopts a modular structure consisting of rig zone， rock sample zone， simulated wellbore， tool fixing zone， circulation system， and data management system. Stability against overturning is enhanced via triangular brackets on both sides， while structural load-bearing and rapid positioning are achieved using symmetrical channel-steel guide rails. The support for the guide pipe utilizes a triangular truss structure， which works in conjunction with a bottom fixing plate to ensure coaxiality during operation. The power head mast of the drilling rig can tilt from 0 to 90°， enabling the dynamic adjustment of drilling parameters such as feed pressure， torque， and rotational speed. Moreover， the simulated wellbore is equipped with pressure and torque sensors to collect key real-time parameters at the bit， including weight on bit （WOB）， torque， and vibration. Based on this platform， real-drilling and mechanical testing experiments were conducted on flexible drill strings， alongside directional side-tracking using flexible downhole power tools. The results indicate that the test platform features a rational structural design and operates smoothly. It can effectively simulate actual drilling conditions for high-build-rate directional tools， thereby providing a reliable experimental means for testing downhole tools and researching drilling technologies in high-build-rate directional wells.