古浪ZK301孔工作区废弃钻井液无害化处理技术研究与应用

Research and application of harmless treatment technology for waste drilling fluid in the working area of Gulang ZK301 hole

摘要:

废弃钻井液是地质钻探过程中产生的核心污染物，成分复杂且含钻屑、难降解有机物、各种化学处理剂等污染物，随意处置易引发土壤、水体及地下水生态污染。针对钻进过程中产生的各类废弃物无法有效处理而产生环境污染的问题，对废弃钻井液进行污染特性分析，采用“破胶+絮凝+脱色+固液分离”技术进行环保无害化处理，使得处理后的液相达到直接排放要求，分离出的泥饼固化处理达到建筑用材要求。并在古浪ZK301孔现场进行废浆无害化处理应用，验证该技术的可行性。为废弃钻井液无害化处理技术的升级迭代与规模化应用提供理论支撑和工程参考。

Abstract:

Waste drilling fluid is a primary pollutant generated during geological drilling. It features complex compositions containing drill cuttings， refractory organic matter， various chemical additives and other contaminants. Improper disposal will easily cause ecological pollution to soil， surface water and groundwater. To address environmental pollution arising from inadequate treatment of diverse wastes produced in drilling operations， this paper analyzes the pollution characteristics of waste drilling fluid. A harmless environmental treatment process combining "gel breaking， flocculation， decolorization and solid-liquid separation" is adopted. After treatment， the liquid phase meets direct discharge standards， while the separated mud cake can be solidified to satisfy the specifications for construction materials. The harmless treatment technology for waste drilling fluid was applied on-site in Gulang ZK301 hole to verify its technical feasibility. This study provides theoretical support and engineering references for the upgrading， iteration and large-scale application of harmless treatment technologies for waste drilling fluid.