跨断层形变综合观测场地建设技术与实践

Construction technology and practice of comprehensive observation site for cross-fault deformation

摘要:

立体式跨断层形变综合观测场地的建设，是把“地表-浅层-深部”多种手段布设到同一条活动断裂上，依托精准套管护壁、钻孔倾角精密控制及深部绳索取心等核心施工工艺，构建起高质量的立体观测体系，形成高密度、多频段、同步监测的“三维阵列”，可实时把脉断层瞬态跳动并长期跟踪其慢性应变。结合山东省临沂市跨断层形变综合观测场地建设项目施工实践，介绍了2个连续观测站、3个断层形变综合观测墩和1套断层面牛顿力监测系统的施工技术，构建了一个立体式的跨断层形变综合观测场地。项目的实施不仅有助于提高区域的地震预警能力，减少地震灾害带来的损失，同时也为地质学、地震学等领域的科研提供宝贵数据支持，推动相关学科的发展。

Abstract:

The construction of a three-dimensional comprehensive observation site for cross-fault deformation involves deploying multiple observation methods across the "surface-shallow-deep" layers along the same active fault. Relying on core construction techniques such as precision casing wall protection， precise control of borehole inclination， and deep wireline coring， a high-quality three-dimensional observation system is established. This forms a "three-dimensional array" characterized by high density， multi-frequency， and synchronous monitoring， capable of real-time detection of transient fault movements and long-term tracking of chronic strain accumulation. Drawing on the construction practices of the Cross-Fault Deformation Comprehensive Observation Site Project in Linyi City， Shandong Province， this paper introduces the construction technologies for two continuous observation stations， three comprehensive fault deformation observation piers， and one set of fault plane Newtonian force monitoring systems， ultimately establishing a three-dimensional comprehensive observation site for cross-fault deformation. The implementation of this project not only helps improve regional earthquake early warning capabilities and mitigate the losses caused by earthquake disasters， but also provides valuable data support for scientific research in fields such as geology and seismology， thereby promoting the development of related disciplines.